Psychology and Pure Entertainment Purposes Essay

It is a known fact that there is a great diversity of entertainment options. There are many forms of entertainment targeted towards population for different purposes such as educational, informative, or pure entertainment purposes. To begin to talk we would say that as everything, entertainment may be looked whether as a positive or negative thing. Of course, opinions about this topic can be many, depending on the angle we might be looking at it. On the one hand, entertainment is seen as a good thing for society. Referring to television for example and taking the subject from an educational point of view, there are several channels which are mainly about nature and even can provide information about physical phenomena affecting our Earth, things which can be found interesting mostly for children. Nevertheless, television has become a bad influence in the opinion of many people, as there is a lot of perversion and violent things they would prefer not to see. On the other hand, we could take the psychological field. Referring to this topic, entertainment seems to be very positive and relaxing, for example watching television when we get home after a long period of working. It certainly can help to open up our minds and stay calm for a while. However, when it comes to adolescents this can become a bad habit and abusing of its benefits can keep them apart from their obligations and their study. To sum up, I would say that we all enjoy the occasional escape from reality; but more and more entertainment is shoving its way into our world. It’s everywhere we look, we are forced to deviate from the path it leads us down. Entertainment could be a good aspect in our society if we learn how to take control of its advantages and disadvantages.

Frank Lloyd Wright Versus Takao Akiyama Architecture Essay

Frank Lloyd Wright ( 1869-1959 ) – one of the monolithic designers in USA history. For more than seventy old ages of his calling, he has done for the development of modern architecture, more than any other creative person in the West. Wright has put frontward the rule of organic architecture – that is unity and is an inseparable portion of the human environment. He formulated the thought of continuity of architectural infinite, contrasted with articulation and underline selected parts in classical architecture. Based on this thought alleged â€Å" unfastened program † method is among the agencies used by all the currents of modern-day architecture. However, the influence Wright goes far beyond the laminitis and current, alleged organic architecture. Image 1 Froebel ‘s blocks Wright was born in June 8, 1867 in Richland-Center, Wisconsin, USA, in the household of William Russell Wright, a music instructor and church leader, and Anna Lloyd Wright, a instructor from a celebrated household in Wisconsin, Lloyd. He was raised in Unitarian church canons. As a kid played a batch with â€Å" developing † blocks â€Å" Kindergarten † designed by Friedrich Froebel ( see image 1 ) . These were geometrical forms from which could be assembled composings in different combinations and 3-dimensional signifier. And eventually, the books of Ruskin and Eugene Emmanuel Viollet-le-Duc influenced the hereafter of the designer, likely more than two old ages spent in the technology college of the University of Wisconsin, which he failed to complete. Wright ‘s parents divorced in 1885 because of the Wright ‘s male parent inability to back up the household. Wright was educated at place, non go toing school. In 1885 he joined the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Wisconsin. In university, he works parttime helper to a local civil applied scientist. Wright left the university without having a grade. In 1887 he moved to Chicago, where he settled in the architectural house of Joseph Lyman Silsbee, an disciple of eclectic method. A twelvemonth subsequently he joined the house of Adler and Sullivan, headed by well-known ideologist of â€Å" Chicago School † L. Sullivan. Since 1890 company has entrusted Wright all the undertakings on building of residential existent estate. But few old ages subsequently, in 1893 Wright had to go forth the company when Sullivan finds out that Wright designs houses on the side. In 1893 Wright founded his ain house in the Chicago suburb of Oak Park. By 1901 he has 50 undertakings in his list of work.Wright ‘s basic rulesIn the architecture Wright sought to incarnate an thought which importance goes beyond the specific type of edifice. Execution of this thought was connected with the survey of traditional Nipponese architecture, which Wright became interested in the 1890 ‘s. Nipponese house was as supreme illustration of how the designing should extinguish non merely unneeded, but even more, to except unimportant. In the American house he excluded everything what is fiddling and confounding. Wright did even more. In merely functional elements that frequently were unnoticed, he opened a antecedently concealed power of expressiveness, every bit good as the subsequent coevals of designers has revealed the concealed strength of look in design. Wright reduced to a minimal figure of necessary parts of the edifice and the figure of single suites in the h ouse, organizing an enclosed infinite as subdivided so that the whole was permeated the air and freely position, giving a feeling of integrity. Fallingwater is one of the most celebrated Wright ‘s undertakings ( see image 2 ) . It ‘s a state Villa, built in a wood near the brook. The basic rule of constructive and spacial construction of the building consists in the fact that convergences are strengthened concrete cantilever slabs stick outing from the cardinal massif in the different waies and at the different degrees. Image 2 Fallingwater house, exterior The chief portion of the country of the first floor is a big common room, which is being freely connected, harmonizing to the rule of fluxing infinite, the dining room, kitchen and hall, which is connected through abundant Windowss and multiple glass doors to the outside patio infinite, every bit good as through stepss with a brook at the underside ( see image 3 ) . Image 3 Fallingwater house, interior, living room Interior and external environment are non separated, in add-on to that for the smooth ocular communicating there are used big planes of glazing, outer infinite penetrates between the stick outing consoles of overlap slabs, and the infinite continues outside on the patio. As in other houses of Frank Lloyd Wright, the texture of the walls inside is the same as the exterior. The interior the wood paneling mitigates the badness of rock and concrete. Glazing ever protected from the Sun. Above the entrywaies are installed cantilever canopies, solid or lattice. The chief Willard huntington wrights rules were: Tie the edifice as a whole with its site by doing it a horizontal length, and underscores the planes which are parallel to the land, but non to busy the best portion of the secret plan with the edifice, go forthing that the best portion for its usage, for the maps associated with house life. Do non do a room the box, and the house – the other box, do non turn the walls into a screen, enveloping the infinite. Ceilings, floors and cladding screens must rinse out each other, organizing one common enclosure of a infinite holding a minimal unit. Make all proportion of the house closer to a human graduated table, a constructive solution with the lowest ingestion degree and the most appropriate usage of stuffs, and the whole – most suited for life in it. Apply consecutive lines and sleek form. Extract the foundation of the house, incorporating the insanitary cellar of the Earth and topographic point it wholly over the Earth, turning it into a lower cap for the residential portion of the house, do a foundation in the signifier of a low rock platform on which to stand the house. All the necessary gaps to the exterior or indoors, aligned with human proportions and put them in the strategy of the edifice of course – whether in a individual signifier, or in groups. Delete the combination of different stuffs and, wherever possible, seek to utilize the same stuff in building. Make non to utilize decorations that do non follow from the nature of the stuff, so that the edifice would clearly show the topographic point in which being lived and the general character of the edifice would be an grounds of this.Takao Akiyama rulesNowadays the most claimed Ethno Style A ­is the Nipponese, or as it is frequently called, Nipponese minimal art, noted for its desire for simpleness and functionality. Takao Akiyama is a Nipponese designer known for his ability to suit the single-family house into urban milieus of Japan metropoliss. Japan came to minimalism non merely in the chase of aesthetics, but it was a effect of national features and life in a instead freakish clime, with the changeless menace of temblors. Nipponese house is frequently a portion of the garden, so the continuance of traditional inside ever has been a landscape, which is one of the rules o f Takao Akiyama architecture. In geographically little, overpopulated state particularly appreciated is the infinite, so the internal construction of the premises – the usual furniture and other properties of the house is minimized. The absence of otiose things is the basic regulation of minimal art. Daylight in the house is the chief beginning of lighting. Fu-1 house is built in the outskirts of the metropolis which has a arresting position of the Fieldss and mountains ( see image 4 ) . Akiyama wanted to confront a simple thought of planing a house – to make a shelter that protects from different conditions manifestations. Image 4 Fu-1 house, exterior â€Å" The full site is wrapped with the roof, wall or floor, and merely the halfway tribunal is unfastened up to make â€Å" eave † consequence. It has reinforced concrete construction and there is no a wall on the side of the pace, hence there are back uping Fe columns which besides work every bit window frames. All the elements are straight painted onto concrete with water-and-heat-proofing stuff. Merely the floor does non hold the heat-proofing map because of the floor warming system in it. â€Å" ( Fu-1 house, Takao Akiyama ) Takao Akiyama believes in a simpleness that why he does n't utilize many colourss and textures in his designs, which another design rule. Main colour is white and the construction stuff is concrete. â€Å" Interior besides don ‘ have excessively much connotations. In general, a house has a life room for relaxing, a kitchen for cookery, and a sleeping room for kiping, intending the designer limits the use. Interior measuring is based on the 3 metres width which the dwellers can experience the length of the house instead than width and that besides minimal figure people can freely busy. From the entryway to each room to the bathroom at the terminal, there can be seen a halfway pace at any minute on the right. For the smooth passage from one room to another, there are no walls in the way to forestall the watercourse. All the doors are skiding doors and foldaway doors except the 1 in bathroom – bathroom has glass door. † ( Fu-1 house, Takao Akiyama ) There is a plentifulness of infinite in the house ( see image 5 ) . With the aid of screens, drapes, beads in the floor, skiding dividers, etc. house can be divided into â€Å" functional countries † . Screens make infinite of the house visible radiation and transparent. By rearranging screens, the can be updated the interior though every twenty-four hours. Image 5 Fu-1 house, interior, dining room All the elements of the inside have a concise, geometrical form. A characteristic difference of a minimal art is the absence of decor and excess accessorizing. Image 6 Fu-1 house, interior, living room There is usage of simple natural coating stuffs: concrete, glass, metal, wood or plaster. Complete deficiency of decor creates an increased demand for stuffs, as in this instance, pieces of furniture themselves become decorations. Furniture and wall surface is smooth, without texture ( see image 6 and 7 ) . Image 7 Fu-1 house, interior, bathroom â€Å" The sequence of oculus motion to the outside is every bit of import as to the inside. There are several fast ones that some points catch your oculus to outside. Standing by the kitchen, on the left you can see the neighbour ‘s garden and on the other side you can see the stepss to the rooftop and the little stone pace under the steps. This is besides can be a pool which brings ice chest position in the summer. Besides there is couple more of those musca volitanss in the exterior. When you enter the house, you can see the trees of neighbours. † ( Fu-1 house, Takao Akiyama )DecisionFrank Lloyd Wright was a large disciple of Nipponese architecture, which manner is established on harmoniousness with nature. He believed that house should extinguish all unneeded and interior should be a continuance of the outside. A similar Wright Akiyama admires simpleness. Both designers used a strengthened concrete as a chief edifice stuff of their houses. Both houses are the building of the rectangular fields traveling in the different waies and at the different degrees making a volume which is a living infinite. Both designers consider that the interior grace of the infinite is in that small that is in the house. In both insides there are merely necessary pieces of furniture which create an ambiance of a place that contributes speculation, repose, relaxation from the attentions and problems of the outside universe. An image of the house, that both designers built, testifies that his maestro is wise, is non capable to the hustle and pandemonium of the outside universe, is able to see beauty in the mundane and look up to it. It ‘s the house where reigns the nothingness, air and visible radiation.Bibliography list:Early old ages, About Frank Lloyd Wright, Retrieved 23 October 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.architectstudio3d.org/AS3d/about_wright.html The Future of Architecture,1953, Frank Lloyd Wright, Horizon Edition DJ Wright ‘s calling, Retrieved 23 October 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wrightnowinbuffalo.com/whattodo/wright_legacy.asp # calling Fu-1 House, Takao Akiyama, Retrieved 23 October 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.akiyamatakao.com/sub8.htmImage Beginnings:Froebel ‘s blocks, Retrieved 23 October 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ozpod.com/store/froblox.html Fallingwater house, exterior, Retrieved 23 October 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //vinci.org/uml/motive.html Fallingwater house, interior, living room, Retrieved 23 October 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //posterous.com/people/favorites/10FySBFY7N7 Fu-1 house, exterior, Retrieved 23 October 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //1dom.wordpress.com/2009/09/30/gorodskoi-dom-s-lujaikoi/fu-1-house-1/ Fu-1 house, interior, dining room, Retrieved 23 October 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //1dom.wordpress.com/2009/09/30/gorodskoi-dom-s-lujaikoi/fu-1-house-13/ Fu-1 house, interior, living room, Retrieved 23 October 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //1dom.wordpress.com/2009/09/30/gorodskoi-dom-s-lujaikoi/fu-1-house-9/ Fu-1 house, interior, bathroom, Retrieved 23 October 2010 from hypertext transfer protocol: //1dom.wordpress.com/2009/09/30/gorodskoi-dom-s-lujaikoi/fu-1-house-15/

Ethic theory on the Workplace Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Ethic theory on the Workplace - Case Study Example First, there are two kinds of ethical theories, consequentialist and non-consequentialist. There are two consequentialist theories that include egoism and utilitarianism (Shaw et al., 2009). Ethical egoism is the first theory that can be used to give an answer as to what Kehal should do. According to the theory, Kehal should give the gifts that the influential individuals are demanding. In this way, he will be acting in his own interest as prescribed by the theory. This is because it is assured that the airline will be granted the landing rights once the influential individuals receive what they demanded. Once the company has obtained the landing rights, Kehal will receive the promotion as well as a bonus. This will help him to cater for the medical expenses of his ailing parents and sort out all his commitments. Egoism is largely viewed as a consequentialist theory since it focuses on the consequence of an action for the agent instead of the final outcome. In other words, the theory is based on self interest and its major strength is that it evades the possibility of a conflict between self interest and morality. It would be rational for Kemal to offer the gifts to the influential individuals since by pursuing his interest morality is equated to rationality.   The second consequentialist theory that can help in cracking the ethical dilemma is utilitarianism. Based on this theory Kemal should not hand the gifts demanded by the local manager to be given to the influential individuals.

Public Affair class summary #5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Public Affair class summary #5 - Essay Example The interest of the reporter refers to what really inspired the reporter to do a particular story. This can be determined by focusing on how the reporter brings out the story or by tracking down his or her past coverage in the media outlets. The next step, as noted by Fitch, in interacting with reporters entails making calls to a reporter. Before contact with a reporter, it is important to consider various tips effective for handling the reporter. For instance, face-to-face communication will require one to maintain eye contact with the reporter while offering responses. Key points should be emphasized using clear and well-structured statements. It is also important that comments made to a report should be specific whether they are going to be on-record or off-record. Both positive and negative information need to be handled professionally in order to avoid any bias or ambiguity. It is important to maintain a positive attitude and tone during any interaction with a reporter to avoid occurrence of any reporter problems during a media interview. Brevity and precision are always preferred during media interviews or in statements written to the media, as Fitch and Holt put it ‘sometimes less is more’. There is a need to create a good rapport with the reporter to win his or her attention. In this chapter, Fitch provides an overview of various forms of media. They include print media, Radio, Television and the internet. The chapter starts by analysing various forms of print media. The chapter indicates that these forms of media form the bulk of where most Americans get their news. They include magazines, newspapers or journal websites. Current financial information can be accessed by reading daybooks recording. Television medium is another form of media used in communication. Television stations offer specific programs aimed at meeting viewers expectations and needs. The programs range from talk

Health Promotion Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Health Promotion Practice - Essay Example From the overweight children, 25% had been classed as obese and prone to chronic disease and disabilities. The likelihood of obesity having multiple predictors for illness is high. The escalation of Type 2 diabetes, heart disease and a variety of other co-morbidities before or during early adulthood is expected to interfere with the normal life of the obese child. Sleep apnoea, arthritis and other disorders of bones, joint disorders and cancer have also been associated with obesity. Low self-esteem is another significant problem and may require appropriate psychological approach. A shorter life expectancy is inevitable in addition. The issue having become a global one, it is really urgent that measures are taken to prevent overweight and obesity. A collaborative effort on a war footing needs to be undertaken to find a rational solution. Where previously the issue was descriptive of children from wealthy families, recent discovery has been made that economy and geography have little t o do with the obesity. With all this in mind, I opted to join MEND, a program working for reversing the child obesity issue on an international basis. Epidemiology The problem is caused by a â€Å"mathematical† difference in the intake of energy as calories and expenditure of energy. Increased intake could be more than the needed requirement for the bodily functions. This could cause obesity. Similarly if the expenditure of energy in the form of exercise is not possible, an accumulation of fat again occurs in the body. This accumulating fat causes obesity and overweight. Either the intake has to be reduced or the expenditure increased to balance the calories being utilized in the body. The obesity is measured as the BMI or body mass index in the project. This is the ratio of the weight in kilograms to the square of the height in metres. Overweight and obesity have been defined as leading health indicators by the Healthy People 2010. This programme intended to reduce the child hood obesity incidence by 5% in the US. The significance of the issue in Wales Wales has had its fair share of the problem following the recession. The Welsh Health Survey had indicated that 3% in children under 16 were classified as obese. (Brindley, 2010). Wales held a high position in the childhood obesity league, with nearly one in five children being classed as obese. As a possible result of the recession, more families were looking or switching to cheaper foods which tended to be more processed and contained high levels of salt, fat and sugar (Brindley). The number of adults classed as overweight or obese had been increasing gradually over the last ten years. These results were from the annual survey. Health experts in Wales were raising concerns over children’s long-term health should obesity continue to rise unchecked (Brindley). The significance of the issue in Wales had motivated the government to plan strategies for containing the problem. For all of these reasons, the UK government set up the MEND program to decrease the incidence of these problems and protect the children’s health so that they live a healthy life. Furthermore, it was in the financial interest of the government to fund these health promotion programs as preventive work with childhood obesity was far cheaper in the long run. Dealing with the costs of health care of obesity-related health conditions could be expected to show shocking skyrocketing figures. Health promotion included activities which were

Applied Buyer Behaviour in Global Context Essay

Applied Buyer Behaviour in Global Context - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the ‘Keep Walking’ advertisement by Johnnie Walker uses dual and complex image branding to create purposes for the product.   Elements of tradition and heritage form the pictorial basis of the development. First, the golden striding man within the video is a critical sign used in the branding of products from the Johnnie Walker brand line. The main character is male and is inferred from subsequent codes through the style of clothing and tall hat alongside the stick. The elements define dressing styles from the British heritage of the 19th century and signify tradition and high social statuses. The man is presented as walking through presumably confident and the fast pace is a symbol of impacting confidence in the unpredictable future. Further, the text running on the screen is a signifier of elegance, tradition, and success as the golden color refers to wealth. The white and clear font comprising of the taglines illustra tes the contemporariness and future for which there are reservations of subtlety and tradition. Black background within the video accompanies the text signifies the uncertainty and has an arguable opposition to the courage that is inspired by a striding man. While signs have several fixed and essential meanings, the video narrows down to the context of possible interpretations. There are specific levels where the commercial depicts differences in terms of interpretation.

Hypothesis Testing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Hypothesis Testing - Assignment Example The null hypothesis is simple a statement that indicates that nothing is happening to the population. It shows that there is no relationship or difference in the population and the underlying facts still hold true. The alternative hypothesis on the other hand is a statement that indicates that something is happening to the population. It clearly shows that there is a difference or relationship in the population under study. Parametric tests estimate population parameters such as the mean while the nonparametric tests on the other hand help in the ranking and ordering of observations and data (Christensen and Johnson, 2011). It is very important that a choice be made between the use parametric and nonparametric tests. If there is sufficient evidence to ascertain that there is normal distribution in the population then it is appropriate to us parametric tests. When the population does not have a normal distribution then it will be appropriate to use nonparametric tests. A good example of a parametric test is the ANOVA while that of the nonparametric test is the Kruskal Wallis (Vogt,

Regression [Use R program] Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Regression [Use R program] - Statistics Project Example There have been numerous studies that attempted to quantify the value people have placed on the quality of schools by analyzing the features and prices of houses that are around these schools in various districts. This paper is meant to study the factors that contribute to the sales prices of single family houses which are located within the school district in Goleta, Southern Santa Barbara in California. This research is applied, descriptive and it is developed from a quantitative point of view. The population of the study is formed by thirty six (36) home sales transactions recorded from the last three years. It represents a sample of possible sales and transactions that could be appearing in areas within the Goleta city. This data consists of six variables which are the price of a house in thousand dollars, number of bedrooms, number of bathrooms, the size of the house, size of the lot and the year in which the house was built. Thus, the sales price is the dependent variable which is determined by the other variables in the data. The number of bedrooms, number of bathrooms, the size of the house, size of the lot and the year in which the house was built are the independent variables. In this research, regression analysis is used to accomplish the intended task. Various models are developed to determine the one which is the most appropriate in determining the sale price of houses within Goleta. The following models are considered: In this model, the number of bathrooms is dropped. It considers the number of bedrooms, size of the house, lot size and the year built. The codes used to obtain the summary of this model are as follows: This model considers the number of bathrooms, size of the house, the lot size and the year built as the only predictor variables. Thus, the number of bedrooms is dropped. The codes used to create this model are shown below: To identify the appropriate model, the analysis uses extra

Memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Memo - Essay Example The challenge has been brought forth due to the over consumption of oil by the nation and the recent developments in global warming and its connection to some energy sources. The Government and supporting organization have continued to develop energy sources, which are cleaner, and efficient. This has mostly been experienced in the domestic energy sector. More households have taken up renewable energy sources in the form of wind, geothermal, hydro, marine and solar energy to provide for their needs. Renewable energy comprises of just over 6 percent of the total energy used in the United States, but this figure is set to grow given the technology advancement within the energy field (Worldwatch Institute, 2006, p.6). On the other hand, fossil fuels which are non renewable (Miller & Spoolman, 2012, p.370) still account for the majority share of the national energy consumption with a figure of 85% (Worldwatch Institute, 2006, p.6) Energy and Pollution A study in 2002 by the Journal of th e American Medical Association states â€Å"exposure to air pollution poses the same risks of dying from lung cancer and heart disease as does living with a smoker.† (Worldwatch Institute, 2006, p.18). ... Lead, mercury and arsenic are some of the toxic metals that are released during combustion at source and during consumption. Coal is said to emit approximately 48 tons of mercury in the air annually combined with oil they produce 42 percent of such emissions (Worldwatch Institute, 2006, p.18). Studies have shown that these emissions are directly affecting American women of childbearing age because their blood mercury concentration is high enough to kill a growing fetus (Worldwatch Institute, 2006, p.18). Water pollution is a resultant effect during energy production from fossil fuels. Water is needed for cooling in power plants and the discharge contains heat and chemicals which pollute land and water where it is released (Miller & Spoolman, 2012, p.383). Energy Sources There are numerous sources of energy that can be used in combinations to provide for all kinds of energy needs such as heating, transportation and electricity. These sources can be divided into two for renewable and n on renewable sources such as fossil fuels. America needs to improve on its renewable energy sources to cut on costs of purchasing fossil fuels from other countries, instead focus on becoming self sustaining by use of renewable sources (CSIS, 2011, p.5). The growing tensions, change in political ideologies and security concerns with oil producing countries have over the years increased risk of over reliance on oil imports (CSIS, 2011, p.14). This has seen the threat of war and fuel import restrictions between the countries grow. This has led America to seek other sustainable alternatives within its borders. Nuclear, it is used mostly in the production of electricity by boiling water to

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay Example for Free

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Essay Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a form of anxiety disorder which is characterized by both compulsions and obsessions. The obsessions are experienced in form of recurrent, unwanted and disturbing images, thoughts, or impulses which usually pop into the minds of individuals causing them a lot of distress and anxiety (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). This results in compulsions which are repetitive intentional behaviors that are done in a bid to reduce the anxiety brought about by the obsessions. The onset of the disorder is earlier among men than among women (Jakes, 1996). In addition, the condition is more common in whites than in blacks and social class does not influence development of the condition (Jakes, 1996). In children, Strep throat is known to trigger onset of the condition or worsen the condition (Jakes, 1996). This is a case of autoimmunity where the antibodies produced to fight streptococci attacks basal ganglia. There are several ways in which the disease is manifested and an individual could have either a single manifestation or multiple manifestations. One grouping of OCD is referred to as checkers and individuals who fall under this category have compulsions to keep on checking things which could be locks, doors, and appliances in order to prevent potential disasters. They do this because they are afraid of disasters befalling themselves and others due to something they do or they do not do (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). Another manifestation is in form of washers and cleaners. Individuals who fall under this category have the tendency to repeatedly keep on showering, washing their hands, and cleaning the surroundings. This is because they are afraid and worried about contamination by germs and dirt (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). Orderers form another manifestation of OCD where individuals under this category feel compelled to do things in a given, exact way. For example an individual would be obsessed with arranging clothes in a given way. The other group is known as pure obsessionals and individuals in this group keep on having repetitive thoughts which could be in form of counting, praying, or repetition of certain words (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). These compulsions result from troubling intrusive thoughts and images where they think and see themselves harming or endangering others and this leaves them horrified (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). Another grouping of individuals with OCD comprises of individuals with scrupulosity. People under this category are obsessed with moral and religious issues and will compulsively pray or engage in religious services. The last manifestation is in form of hoarders where individuals in this category will collect things which others consider as trash or junk. In most cases, these individuals cannot explain why exactly they collect the items and they usually tend to develop an attachment to these items such that they cannot throw them away (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). The cause of the condition is thought to be genetic but environmental factors do modify its manifestation. Researchers believe that multiple genes are involved in its transmission from generation to generation and these genes are responsible for modifying brain function (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). When these genes are inherited, they cause variations in brain structure, circuitry, and neurochemistry and this inclines one to develop OCD. According to research statistics, the rate of OCD among family members where one individual has the condition is higher than among members of families where no relative has the condition (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). In addition, for majority of the people where the condition appears in childhood, there is usually a blood relative with the condition leading to confirmation that genetic factors are involved. Apart from genetics, environmental factors also play a role in the development of the condition. If individuals who are genetically predisposed to development of the condition are subjected to factors in the environment that stress them, then they are more likely to develop the condition. These stressing factors include childhood neglect, family stress, death, physical trauma, psychological trauma, illness, and divorce (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). In addition, people who are genetically predisposed to development of the condition can develop the disease as they go through major transitions in life which could be adolescence, marriage, retirement or parenthood. Studies have shown that serotonin is involved in the development of OCD (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). Serotonin is a neurotransmitter which enables communication between brain cells. In people with OCD, brain imaging reveals abnormalities in some areas of the brain and these are usually the basal ganglia, the cingulate gyrus, the thalamus, and orbital cortex (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). These are the brain areas that are involved in the following: processing of information received from the world, sorting of this information based on importance, they enable one to concentrate on tasks being undertaken, and they also alert one to danger. For people who have this condition, these brain areas work overtime, and they focus on ideas and thoughts that are intrusive which under normal circumstances would be filtered out (Hyman Pedrick, 2009). There are several signs and symptoms that characterize OCD. Though the objects of obsession vary slightly from individual to individual, the manifestations of the disorder are usually the same. One of these is obsession and compulsions which usually take more than an hour each day and which interferes with the individuals’ normal lives (Domino, 2007). The obsessions are usually recurrent and the patients usually try to ignore the thoughts or they neutralize these thoughts with compulsions. The individuals with these compulsions and obsessions usually have no other mental disorders (Domino, 2007). The compulsions are also repetitive and deliberate and they are aimed at neutralizing the obsessive thoughts. There are usually no specific tests for this condition and diagnosis is usually based on presence of the above signs and symptoms after which differential diagnosis is made (Lippincott Williams Wilkins, 2008). After OCD is confirmed, several tests are done to determine severity and nature of the compulsions and obsessions. They include the Maudley obsessional compulsive inventory, the Yale brown Obsessive compulsive scale, and Leyton obsessional inventory (Domino, 2007). There is need for differential diagnosis in people suspected to have this condition. Distinguishing this condition from other disorders such as mood disorders, other anxiety disorders, impulsive spectrum disorders, Padua inventory, obsessive compulsive personality disorders (OCPD), impulsive spectrum disorders, and delusional disorders can be challenging. Accurate diagnosis requires a careful evaluation of an individual’s history. There is need to differentiate depression caused by OCD from that caused by others factors. It is also important to differentiate between OCD and trichotillomania where in trichotillomania just like in OCD individuals get relief out of pulling their hair but have no obsessive thoughts (Hollander Stein, 1997). Another condition requiring differential diagnosis is schizophrenia which is also characterized by obsession and rituals though the rituals in schizophrenic individuals are usually purposeless (Hollander Stein, 1997). In addition, other symptoms of schizophrenia are absent. Since some OCD patients also experience panic attacks, this can make OCD to be confused with panic disorder. However, OCD panic attacks are secondary to obsessional fears (Hollander Stein, 1997). Differential diagnosis between OCD and OCPD is also required since OCPD patients exhibit symptoms that are similar to those of OCD such as preoccupation with orderliness and perfectionism (Hollander Stein, 1997). However, in OCPD there is no obsession and compulsions. Borderline personality disorder may also be confused with OCD as patients also experience strong feelings and thoughts about certain issues. There are several approaches that are employed in the care of OCD patients. The treatments used include behavioral therapies, medications and cognitive behavioral therapy. Medications used are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and they include sertraline, paroxetine, cilatopram, and fluvoxamine (Domino, 2007). Medications are usually combined with cognitive behavioral therapy. The behavioral therapies usually include exposure therapy and ritual prevention therapy. For ritual prevention, the patients are helped to resist urges to engage in compulsive behavior for long while in exposure therapy individuals are subjected to the factors that compel them to behave compulsively and then helped to resist the urges (Hollander Stein, 1997). Cognitive behavioral therapy involves helping the patients to change their negative thoughts and behaviors. At other times, cognitive behavioral therapy is administered to a group. Response to treatment varies with age where medications are less effective in children and adolescents while adults respond well to treatment with a combination of cognitive behavioral therapy and medications (Hollander Stein, 1997). References Domino, F. J. (2007). The 5-minute clinical consult. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. Hollander, E. Stein, D. J. (1997). Obsessive compulsive disorders: diagnosis, etiology treatment. London: Informa health care Hyman, B. C. Pedrick, C. (2009). Obsessive compulsive disorder. Minneapolis, MN: Lerner Publishing Group, Inc. Jakes, I. (1996). Theoretical approaches to obsessive compulsive disorder. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press Lippincott Williams Wilkins. (2008). Nurse’s 3-minute clinical reference. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams Wilkins.

Marketing Strategy of Olpers Milk

Marketing Strategy of Olpers Milk Engro Foods (Pvt.) Limited (EFL) was established in 2005 as part of a huge diversification process at the Engro Group. Engro Group itself is one of the leading business corporation with high ventures in the fertilizer, food, power, generation, petrochemicals, automation and terminal storage industries. Engro wanted to setup a latest fertilization plant but due to certain restrictions from the government was not able to expand in the fertilization field. There, the organization decided to invest into a new market. Olpers Milk, companys first brand was launched in 2006 in major cities of Pakistan simultaneously so that product gains popularity and visibility together. By this information, we got the idea of launching a processed milk that will fulfill all the needs of a household related to the use of milk. The plan, in a very brief way describes what segments the company is going to target, how and what strategies to take on to achieve a brand position and make maximum profits. The plan also points out the strengths, weaknesses that accounts to internal factors that can affect a product and opportunities and threats, which are the external factors disturbing the product Current Marketing Situation Marketing research is an important step when a new product is to be launched into market especially for an organization with no experience in the field. There are numerous risks associated with the new product. so to reduce the risks, research is a very important step towards the launch. The research uncovered that the food industry held the maximum promise and profits if on right track. The statistics show that Pakistan is the third largest milk producing country in the world, with urban consumption of about 7 billion liters annually. There is an overall growth in the PLM sector due to awareness in health and hygiene, this coupled with an increasing dissatisfaction with the loose milk from the local doodhwala. In Punjab loose milk costs between Rs. 46 and Rs. 50 while tetra packed milk costs around 75, same is the case is in Sindh where the price difference between the fresh milk and packed milk is around 20. These are a few problems which have to be solved in order to penetrate the market to the full extent. Market description The milk sector consists of the consumers that have standardized preferences. All consumers that drink either fresh or processed milk have homogeneous and similar preferences and wants. Keeping these things in mind, it is very difficult for a new company to take on a challenge of producing on a large scale, distributing it extremely effectively and massively promoting. The preferences that the consumers want are nearly similar according to the survey. The inclination towards particular qualities milk should attain are, the milk should be white, milk should not smell, hygienically processed and is good for health and bones. Keeping these preferences Engro Foods introduced two more products besides Olpers milk: Olwell diet and Olpers cream As previously mentioned, the preferences of all the consumers demanding or wanting milk are the same. So segmentation is really a problem for the Engro Group but the preferences differ for a few consumers that prefer skimmed milk. The segmentation was done according to demographics, psychographics and behavior. Market segmentation Demographics generally refers to the age, sex and to which life cycle stage an individual or group of people comes under. There are many products which are affected by the demographics of the customers. but Olpers milk is not affected by these boundaries and limits. This product is produced for all potential buyers and users from higher or middle class families. The research suggested that the lower class families have a different attitude towards the processed milk. All the companies and groups in the milking sector are trying to change the image of the packed milk. Due to this image of the processed milk, even though not wanting to be, Olpers milk will gain an image where it will look, it is made for a special social class Psychographic in marketing refers to the personality, brand consciousness, lifestyles and values of people. Some people are more goal-oriented and passionate about their goals. As Olpers milk and Olwell both focus on a person being physically and mentally fit, so people will look upon this as a brand and will be expecting benefits which the marketers have described. Behavioral factors include on which behavioral aspects are involved when segmenting the market. As mentioned above the company has divided its market into three totally different segments according to how people respond on different stimuli. This segmentation is done on a basis that people want milk that can be used as a tea whitener so obviously the color of the milk does matter a lot. Secondly, customers want a product which they can use for all purposes, not solely for a single use. Marketers of this firm have to keep in mind that they have to compete with opponents such as Nestle and Haleeb which are in this department for a period longer than Olpers and they attain many loyal customers who will prefer the their respective brand respectively. Product Review different packaging of all the three products: Olpers milk, Olwell and Olpers cream Marketers have decided to position it as a product that can be used for all purposes that the fresh milk does UHT heated processor, that means high quality of milk 6 layers of tetra pack for extra cleanliness and protecting the preserved milk from bacteria and germs 3 months of shelf life, that means that storage of milk, or consumers can buy cartons of milk without worrying that the milk will get useless. Milk that attains all the nutrients which the fresh milk has. A product that helps weight conscious people to loose weight Helping all users to have a chance to have healthy and strong bones Olpers cream specifically tackles people who are addicted to desserts and meetha. This product can be used in desserts and cake icings and etc. Competitive review Competition is very severe in the milking sector. Although there are only a few major competition in this sector but the competition is increasing very rapidly. The major contestants which the marketers of this company will have to study and research upon are Nestle and Haleeb, both of which have grasped enough experience in this field and have acquired many brand loyal customers Nestle The market leader in this milking market is Nestle, which is producing and selling its product with the name Milkpak since 1981. They introduced the concept of processed milk and established the concept of tetra pack milk in Pakistan. This was pretty well perceived by majority in Pakistan and a synonym was attached to the Milkpak as quality milk. The company has got vast experience and is tracking growth strategies. They have got a secure financial background so they will be willing to invest both in promoting and advertising if needed. They have targeted their market to areas restricted to near proximity to urban areas and are targeting people having a middle or high social class. They have always served the milking sector up to their capacity. The product is unique due to the addition of irons, vitamins A and C in the milk. Haleeb Milk Haleeb foods was established in 1986, just after the initiation of Milkpak from Nestle. Haleeb foods is serving this country for the past 27years and have been quite successful in doing so. They were quite a competition for nestle when they launched haleeb milk in 1986, but somehow or the other they were unable to make that sort of a image that the Milkpak achieved in early 80s Haleeb milk is said to be homogenized that means that all the nutrients and minerals are spread equally in a single carton. They have pure UHT standardized milk, with 6 layered packing with a shelf life of 3 months or so. Anhaar Milk Anhaar fresh milk just turned into the milking market recently. They have entered market with a different aspect of processed milk. They turn down the idea of UHT standardized milk because according to their research UHT heated milk looses its original nutrient and minerals. Along with this the UHT heated milk lessens the advantages and over stresses the immune system This milk has a shelf life of only 3 to 4 days. They milk cow daily and the fresh milk is provided to the market soon after the milking process. Pure milk exhibits healthy digestive systems, healthy skin nails and hair, reduces chances of cancer, prevents diabetes and lowers cholesterol levels, controls blood pressure and improves immunity. So according to this firm they are providing all this to the end consumers. This can be a turnover in the milking market from UHT plant to providing farm fresh milk. Taraang milk Taraang milk joined this market to target low class families. Their main objective is to provide this class with a milk that doubles the taste and smell of tea. They have taken their way to attract people by celebrities dancing and fascinating advertisements rather than letting consumers know of how their product is different than the existing products in the market SWOT analysis Strengths Engro food is being backed up by the Engro group financially and by experience also Relationship with the farmers, as farmers are the suppliers of the milk to Engro foods Third generation plant Strong consumer and product research Positive response from the users Weaknesses Packaging low quality milk distribution milk collection centers narrow brand portfolio Olwell quite liberal ads according to our culture Opportunities Government funding for development of this sector ever increasing growth in the consumers of processed milk third largest producer of the processed milk Threats immense competition price difference Consumer behavior and perception Objectives and issues First year objective The objectives for the period starting from the launch till the end of the first year include attracting customers, changing consumers perception of processed milk, making this product a brand. Second year objective End of the second year objectives will include regular customers, with brand loyal customers as well, and break evening the production costs as well as the plant costs. Issues These objectives will be a lot difficult to achieve if the marketing department fails to promote and advertise the product to the optimum level. If the first year objectives are not met than it will be approximately impossible to get through with the second year objectives Marketing Strategy As marketing strategy means to make strategies that are customer driven and implementing them through programs and awareness programs. This way new customers will be attracted, and will help the company to make profits and help the company build profitable customer relationships. The marketers will set a position of Olpers milk according to uniqueness of the product. The marketers of this company will target middle to high social class that want a product that is as useful as its perceived value. Positioning The red color that has been chosen for the packaging of Olpers milk is quite eye-catching and distinctive than the colors that have been used in Pakistan in the milking sector till now. The product will be positioned in a way that it conveys the message that it will fulfill all the purposes of a consumer that the fresh milk does. Olwell will be positioned in a way that it will target people who are goal-oriented and focus on their careers. This will also exhibit a image that this will help people remain fit and in the same shape without worrying for the fat contents in the regular milk Product strategy Olpers milk along with the Olwell will include all the features and core values that have been mentioned so as to receive maximum consumer satisfaction. More will be given than promised so as to achieve customer delight. A massive advertisement campaign with Olpers logo on every bill board, ads and newspapers. Every marketing campaign will be utilized in order to let people know of the new product. There will be many below the line activities including free tea using Olpers milk will be provided to the potential buyers at major departmental stores for testing purposes, so that people know what type of product they will be using. Pricing strategy We would be adopting competitive pricing strategy for all the products; Olpers milk, Olwell, Olpers cream. In this type of pricing strategy, the prices of the competitors are studied and the products prices will be determined by this. As the price of Milkpak is around 70 Rs, we will introduce our milk with a price slightly lower than this and then gradually increasing it. Distribution Strategy Olpers milk will be launched in many major cities, and will number around twenty. Olpers milk will be distributed to over 80 cities very effectively in a short period of time after launch, because it is very difficult to launch a product in more than 25 cities simultaneously. The distribution strategy includes division of the country into five major regions. These regions will be Lahore, Karachi, Multan, Islamabad and Peshawar. This requires efficient transport facilities as well as warehouses and storages in different cities for the effective distribution. Trained personals will be hired who will be having an experience of at least two years in the distribution field. The dependence on technology for the distribution is necessary so new technology will be used to monitor the storages, warehouses etc. In order to attract distributors with experience a fixed commission rate of 5% will be set, that will be not be negotiable in order to avoid future fights and hassle. Sales targets will be set twice every month after discussing the market situations with the distributors. Incentives, bonuses, increments, and training will be provided to the distributors and staff for further improvement in the distribution field. Marketing research In the marketing research that we conducted after the launch of the product included interviews, questionnaires and surveys. This will enable us to improve our product and further diversify in the food field itself. The questionnaire was distributed to the customers at the local shops and departmental stores. 250 questionnaires and 50 interviews will be studied to evaluate customer satisfaction and what customers need and expect from our product. According to the survey, we found out that people between 28 to 50 use milk in tea, at the breakfast table, and youngsters drink milk when studying or going to school

Technology and Medicine :: Exploratory Essays

Technology and Medicine Technology has had a great impact on society when it comes to medicine. Medical technology has been around since the cave man began using rocks as tools to perform trephening. Since then there has been many new advancements in medicine due to technology. From painless needles to robots used for surgeries technology is around to stay. Painless needles are one way technology is improving society. Needles are always scaring young children and even adults. Now with the new painless needle pediatricians can give vaccinations pain free. Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology call theses new needles micro needles. [1] They are made from silicon, metal, glass or biodegradable polymer. Theses needles are 500 times smaller then ordinary hypodermic needles, which are too small to irritate nerve endings. These new needles will consist of 400 embedded micro needles will be glued to a patch that will gently puncture the skin. Now with this new technology society can have pain free shots. Technology in terms of medicine has also increased the life expectancy of the average person. With new technological advancements in surgeries, medicines and treatments the average life expectancy is still on the increase. A recent study shows that the average life span for 2004 of a United States Citizen is 77.4 years old. This has increased significantly from 1900 where the average lifespan for a male was 48.2 and for the female 51.5. Thanks to technology we can now live longer. Technology has also helped medicine with the use of robots. At the Bayfront Medical Center in St. Petersburg, Florida, Jeff Lannigan oversees 1,300 prescriptions a day. [2] That is a huge amount of prescriptions. Now he has a new kind of help. Spencer is a one million dollar robot that dispenses prescriptions at speedy rates. It takes Spencer three and a half hours to do what it took pharmacists 24 hours to do. This new technology also eliminates the room for human error. This means that people will have the right medication every time. If you are a customer waiting for a prescription than this technology will defiantly better society. Some people say that this new technology will hurt society because it will eliminate jobs for pharmacists. This is not true. The article says, â€Å"Instead of spending the whole day dispensing medicines, pharmacists have time to do what they’re trained to do—take care of patients.

Othello as the Greater Evil in William Shakespeare’s Othello Essay

Othello as the Greater Evil in William Shakespeare’s Othello What makes one person to be considered evil, while another is considered righteous? The character Iago, in William Shakespeare’s Othello, could be considered evil because of his plot against Cassio and Othello. Othello, could be considered righteous, because he believes his wife has been unfaithful. The line between these two labels, evil or righteous, is thin. Ultimately, actions speak louder than words. Iago is evil in his actions towards Othello, but between the two, Othello is the most evil for reacting to lies in the most violent of ways. The evil in Iago becomes visible from the very beginning of the play. He explains at the beginning how he was passed over for the position of lieutenant by Othello, who gave the position to Cassio. This gives Iago cause for not only hating Othello but Cassio as well. Iago’s hatred for Othello becomes even more apparent by his simple statement "I hate the Moor" (Oth. 1.3.588). His hatred for Othello is partly based on his belief that Othello had an affair with his wife, Emilia. He says, "And it is thought abroad that twixt my sheets / He’s done my office" (Oth. 1.3.588). This belief is based purely on rumor and nothing more. It is during this speech that Iago gives insight into his plot to make Othello think that Cassio and Desdemona are having an affair. This will ultimately be the fuel that exposes the evil in Othello. Othello’s deep love for Desdemona is the reason behind the deep hatred he begins to feel. Early on Othello proclaims how happy he is and how much in love he is with Desdemona. "For know, Iago, / But that I love the gentle Desdemona" (Oth. 1.2.572). Othello also seems consumed with passion for Desdemona.... ...ay. These lies may have been planted by Iago, but it is Othello’s own decision to carry out these murders. Should Iago’s soul carry the blame for the lies that had an evil result?   Works Cited Mc Elroy, Bernard. Shakespeare’s Mature Tragedies. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1973. Shakespeare, William. "Othello, The Moor of Venice". Literature and Ourselves. 2nd ed. Ed. Gloria Henderson, Bill Day, and Sandra Waller. New York: Longman, 1997. 563-682. Vanita, Ruth. "’Proper’ men and ‘Fallen’ women: The unprotectedness of wives in Othello". Studies in English Literature. 34 (1994): 341-58. Online. EBSCO Publishing. 18 June 1999. Available WWW: http://www.epnet.com. Zender, Karl F.. "The Humiliation Of Iago". Studies in English Literature. 34 (1994): 323-40. Online. EBSCO Publishing. 18 June 1999. Available WWW: http://www.epnet.com.

An Inspector Calls by J.B. Priestley :: Papers

An Inspector Calls by J.B. Priestley Priestley set the play before the First World War because . . . . . . . .  · Wanted to show what life was like with a rigid class system, For example Gerald and Eva would not marry.  · Wanted to show what life was like with no unemployment benefit.  · In 1945 people had mixed much more to help each other during the war.  · There were plans for state support for health and unemployment.  · Priestley wants people to decide which kind of life is better for people 1912 or 1945. Priestley makes sure the audience knows things the characters don't. How does this affect our understanding of the characters? Priestley makes sure the audience knows things the characters do not. This allows us to form an opinion of Mr Birling. For example . . . . . . . .  · Mr Birling says the Titanic will not sink.  · Mr Birling says there will not be a war.  · Mr Birling seems to think he can see into the future.  · This makes Mr Birling seem arrogant and stupid.  · Mr Birling thinks he's very important, but we can see faults in him. Why did he use a family like the Birlings? Priestley used a family like the Birlings because . . . . . . .  · They are rich and self satisfied.  · They only care about money and themselves.  · They use their power to hurt other people, for example, Sheila got the girl sacked  · He wants us to see how unfair life is if people like the Birlings are in charge. Who, or what is the Inspector? The Inspector could be several things. He could be . . . . . . .  · Could be their conscience  · Could be their imagination  · Could be supernatural because he knows such a lot about them When does he appear? Why is this important? How does Priestley make sure we see him as unusual?

Reform Movements in the United States Sought Essay

As Americans entered an era of transition and instability, they sought to expand democratic ideals in the society. In response to sudden changes occurring and traditional values being challenged, various reform movements during 1825-1850 began to focus on democratic ideals. The rise of religious revivals, movements for equal rights and protecting liberties of different social groups, want to advance society technologically, and desire to bring order and control helped reform the society to live up to the nation’s founding ideals. Teaching them (I don’t get who â€Å"them† is) the habits of thrift, orderliness, temperance and industry was a way to not only better their lives but a way to instill certain democratic values and advance the perfection of society as a whole. The rise of popular religion and a series of religious revivals reinforced American democracy and liberty. The Second Great Awakening was a huge religious reform movement that sought to re-captivate religious interest in America. One of its new breakthroughs is its representation of democratic ideas, or: â€Å"a reworking of traditional religious institutions to better match the average American’s sensibilities and frontier lifestyles (Second Great Awakening). † In this attempt to capture interest, this new theology differed from the previous Calvinist viewpoint that people’s predestined path to heaven or hell could only be altered by God’s choosing, in that the new theology emphasized individual free will, and equality in God’s eyes- a characteristic of democracy. These new theologies emphasized: â€Å"human choice. Reform of the individual human heart and also broader social institutions was indeed possible (Second Great Awakening). † Church ministers were elected and churches believed in a â€Å"priesthood of all believers. † Such religious reforms sought to expand democratic ideals into the churches. The theology of the Second Great Awakening can be divided into many different subdivisions which all spread out and became part of many reform movements to come. Before examining such future movements, it must be noted that The Progress of the Age was also a reform movement that spread democratic ideals of around the same time frame as the Second Great Awakening. The Progress of the Age empowers all the new American technologies and social reforms in its time (around 1825-1846). New technological reforms included adapting the time conserving sewing machine, and harnessing the potential of the locomotive. Religion, politics, the economy, and virtually everything else in America was being influenced by echnological reforms, turning life in American as something Senator Webster describes: â€Å"The world has seen nothing like [it] before (A Discourse, Delivered at Plymouth 61). † The significance of all these technological advances lies in the inevitable social advances they initiated. The Progress of the Age focused on improving everyday life with the adaption of machine labor, allowing for: a large range of agricultural goods for the co mmon man, increasingly cheaper goods, less expensive books/newspapers, and faster travel. As these technological revolutions led to revolutions in habits, opinions, and moral values, people began to realize: â€Å"If machinery could be brought to such a state of perfection, why not society (Maier 369)? † With all the social ideas related to technological progress, none were associated with the Progression of the Age, as the expansions of democratic ideals were. With the new leaps in technological advances, people built the impression that: â€Å"No reform is now deemed impossible, no enterprise for human betterment impracticable (Maier 369). Of all the social ideas, the democratic ideas of striving for social equality, and benefitting the common good fit the technological age of progress best. Along with technological advancements, American literature was advancing too. New values such as favoring nature over â€Å"America’s turn towards industrial capitalism and worst of all, the crass, money-grubbing materialism that seemed to grip more and more of their countrymen (Maier 371),† as described in novels of James Fenimore Cooper, and Washington Irving were exposed to their readers. The Transcendentalist movement, founded by Ralph Waldo Emerson was populated by his essay Nature, as well as other works such as Henry David Thoreau’s Nature. The increasing quality and affordability of such books as well as newspapers, with new perspectives and philosophies printed by new machines, allowed the common people access to new knowledge. Society was now exposed to knowledge such as: philosophy, current events, and political information which brought up the level of education of the common man. Not only were books made cheaper and more available, an abundance of higher quality goods and services such as better foods, clothes, and a better transportation system now became available to the society. As Horace Greenley of the New York Tribune accounts: â€Å"We have universalized all the beautiful and glorious results of industry and skill†¦ We have made them a common possession of the people†¦. We have democratized the means and appliances of a higher life (Art and Industry 58). Greenley is saying that the Progress of the Age has brought high quality goods previously only for aristocrats down to the common people, raising the living standard of the common people: a true democratic value. Out of all these technological breakthroughs, the railroad became the symbol of the Progress of the Age and the expansion of democratic ideals. Even artists of the Hudson River School such as Thomas Cole recognized the locomotive in their paintings. In River in the Catskills, Thomas Cole blends the locomotive with nature, suggesting a natural harmony between them as Americans civilized the new lands. The locomotive became a symbol of the drive of civilization, spreading it and America’s democracy to new, unseen horizons. These unseen horizons were discovered through the reforms in the Antebellum Era, whose roots were mainly evangelical – religion tied into the belief that equality and salvation should be offered to everyone. This brought back tensions between the North and South when slavery became an issue with those ideals, which made the acted reforms not just a movement towards equality, but towards democracy as well. One of the most important reform movements in American history was the creation of the American Anti-Slavery Society in 1833. The Declaration of Sentiments was established and those who wished to join the society had to sign the document which pledged to â€Å"secure to the colored population†¦all the rights and privileges that belong to them as men and as Americans. † This reform was different than most, because the people involved decided to use the old tactic of â€Å"moral suasion† instead of violence. These society members campaigned across the U. S. especially aiming to influence the South. They published abolitionist newspapers and other literature to raise awareness, attempted to make antislavery societies in every state and every town, and eventually brought so many petitions to Congress that although the â€Å"Gag Resolution† tabled them, the awareness it raised about slavery occurred everywhere. Not only was this the effect of the society, but it also showed Americans that all people could make a difference if joined together, not just the government, which expanded ideas of democracy. William Lloyd Garrison, among other strong abolitionists, acted as a leader in the fight for all-around equality in the United States. He dedicated his life to slavery abolition, publishing the newspaper, The Liberator and writing in it, â€Å"On this subject, I do not wish to think, to speak, or write, with moderation†¦I am in earnest – I will not equivocate – I will not excuse – I will not retreat a single inch – and I will be heard. † Not only did his words anger people enough to cause the bloody slave revolt in Virginia led by Nat Turner, but it also made abolitionists of others as well. His words inspired Frederick Douglass to publish his newspaper, North Star, at Rochester. They inspired Theodore Dwight Weld to declare an end to slavery and leave the Lane Seminary and their white society with 75 others by his side, naming themselves the â€Å"Lane Rebels. † He spent the rest of his life being a devoted member of the Ohio Antislavery Society and giving speeches throughout Ohio and Pennsylvania, encouraging the establishment of other antislavery societies. Abolitionists for women’s rights like Henry B. Stanton who was also a â€Å"Lane Rebel†, and his wife, Elizabeth Cady Stanton were also strong leaders, as well as the Grimke sisters in taking on the roles normally given to men. These powerful reformers were able to influence the population to join them in reforms, creating the sense that they could all make a difference together, and reform the republic government to a democratic one instead. With the idea of equality comes the idea of democracy, so when reform movements for slavery abolition and women’s rights began, so did the widespread belief of a new democratic government.

Jp Morgan&Co./ Chase Manhattan Bank Merger

JP Morgan&Co. / Chase Manhattan Bank Merger 1. Introduction The combining of two or more companies, generally by offering the stockholders of one company securities in the acquiring company in exchange for the surrender of their stock. (referenca 1) Mergers are a common practice in the business world because they enable increased efficiency and market share. 2. History 2. 1. JP Morgan&Co. J. P. Morgan & Co. , was founded in New York in 1871 as Drexel, Morgan & Co. by J. Pierpont Morgan and Philadelphia banker Anthony Drexel.The firm made its first big splash in 1879 when it sold financier William Vanderbilt’s New York Central Railroad stock without driving down the share price. (referenca 4) During the late 19th century and early 20th century J. P. Morgan & Co. financed a lot of engineering and innovative projects. Some examples funded by it are the Brooklyn Bridge and the Panama Canal construction. Besides these projects it was also present at the birth of aviation, providing banking services to the pioneering Wright brothers from the early years through their invention of the world’s first successful airplane. referenca 4)During the years of World War I r, J. P. Morgan & Co. aided the British and French, arranging a $500 million loan r, J. P. Morgan & Co. aided the British and French, arranging a $500 million loan. In 1959 Morgan merged with Guaranty Trust Co. (commercial and investment banking) to create Morgan Guaranty Trust Co. of New York, later forming a holding company that restored the famous J. P. Morgan & Co. name. (referenca 4) 2. 2. Chase Manhattan Bank Chase Manhattan Bank was formed in the year 1955 with the merger of Chase National Bank and the Bank of the Manhattan Company. referenca 2) In the 1970s, Chase added nearly 40 new branches, representative offices, affiliates, subsidiaries and joint ventures outside the United States. In 1973 Chase opened a representative office in Moscow, which was the first presence for a U. S. bank i n the Soviet Union since the 1920s. It also became the first U. S. correspondent to the Bank of China since Chinese Revolution . (referenca 4) During the 1970s and 1980s the Chase Manhattan Bank was led by David Rockefeller, and it emerged as one of the largest and most prestigious banking concerns.It had leadership positions in syndicated lending, treasury and securities services, credit cards, mortgages, and retail financial services. (referenca3) The Chase Money Card was the first Visa debit card offered by a bank in New York. In 1985 Spectrum was launched, which is an electronic home banking service that not only permitted banking transactions but also allowed customers to buy and sell stocks through a discount broker affiliated with Chase. (referenca 4) Chase Manhattan Bank is the product of two megadeals that came earlier, its mergers with Manufacturers Hanover and Chemical. In 1991, Manufacturers Hanover Corp. erged with Chemical Banking Corp. , under the name of Chemical Ban king Corp. , then the second-largest banking institution in the United States. (referenca5) Then in 1996 Thomas G. Labrecque merged the Chase Manhattan Bank with the Chemical Banking Corp. (referenca2) This merger created the largest bank holding company in the United States at that time, and it was prior to the merger with JP Morgan&Co. 3. JP&Morgan Chase & Co. On December 31 of year 2000 the two banks J. P. Morgan &Co. and Chase Manhattan Bank united to create the name of J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. keeping two of the most established names in U.S. banking. This merger created a financial services powerhouse and became a strong rival of firms such are Merrill Lynch, Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley Dean Witter. (refernca 6) Before the merger the CEO of the Chase Manhattan Bank was William Harrison, and of the J. P. Morgan & Co. was Douglas Warner. After the creation of the combined company, J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. the Chief Executive and president was assigned William Harrison while Douglas Warner was retained as a chairman. (referenca 7) The merger was approved by the Federal Reserve Board on December 11 and by the New York Banking Board on December 14, 2000. referenca 8)   Ã‚  In 1999, the two banks combined had net income of approximately $7. 5 billion and revenue of approximately $31 billion. With the settlement of the deal, valued $36 billion, it acquired $660 billion of assets. (referenca 6) Under the deal J. P. Morgan stockholders received 3. 7 shares of Chase. The newly created company is a financial holding company, a global financial services firm and a banking institution in the United States of America. It operates worldwide, in more than 60 countries to provide corporate banking solutions to clients. referenca 3) It is engaged in different kinds of activities such are in investment banking, financial services for consumers and small businesses, commercial banking, financial transaction processing, asset management and private equity. (referenca 9) After the merger of the year 2000 came more mergers and acquisitions of the Company with other institutions that would shape it to its final form. Below are listed some of the most important ones: * In 2004, Bank One Corp. merged with J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. , keeping the name JPMorgan Chase & Co. by uniting the investment and commercial banking skills of J. P.Morgan Chase with the consumer banking strengths of Bank One. (referenca 5) * In 2008, J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. acquired The Bear Stearns Companies Inc. , strengthening its capabilities across a broad range of businesses, including prime brokerage, cash clearing and energy trading globally. (referenca 4) * In 2008,   J. P. Morgan Chase & Co. paid $1. 9 billion to the F. D. I. C. to acquire all of WaMu’s assets, branches and deposits. With WaMu, J. P. Morgan had $905 billion in deposits and 5,400 branches nationwide, rivaling Bank of America in size and reach. (referenca 9) The major businesses of the J. P.Morgan a re: * Investment Banking- The firm serves 8,000 clients in more than 60 countries. Clients include  corporations,  financial institutions, governments and  institutional investors. (referenca 10) It offers a full range of investment banking products and services in all major capital markets. * Card Services- The company has 94 million cards in circulation and $135 billion in managed loans. (referenca 10) They are distributed and designed to satisfy the needs individual consumers, small businesses and partner companies. * Retail Financial Services-It is formed to help consumers and businesses with their financial needs.This sector includes  consumer banking, small business banking, auto, education, insurance and home finance. * Commercial Banking-Serves its clients with activities like lending, treasury services, investment banking and asset management. (referenca 5) * Treasury & Securities Services- Is one of the largest cash management providers in the world to support the CFOs, treasurers, issuers and  investors. (referenca 10) * Asset Management- A global leader in managing investments and wealth for its clients. References: 1. http://www. investopedia. com/terms/m/merger. asp#axzz2IEmsQoNR 2. http://www. ndb. com/company/684/000052528/ 3. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/JPMorgan_Chase#Controversies 4. http://www. jpmorganchase. com/corporate/About-JPMC/document/shorthistory. pdf 5. http://www. jpmorganchase. com/corporate/About-JPMC/jpmorgan-history. htm 6. http://www. forbes. com/2000/10/18/1016topdeals_2. html 7. http://cnnfn. cnn. com/2000/09/13/deals/chase_morgan/ 8. http://www. innercitypress. org/jpmcmb1. html 9. http://topics. nytimes. com/top/news/business/companies/morgan_j_p_chase_and_company/index. html? offset=10&s=newest 10. http://www. marketswiki. com/mwiki/JPMorgan_Chase_%26_Co.

Calaveras Vineyards

To: Dr. Lynna Martinez Subject: Calaveras Vineyards Valuation As per your request, my associates and I have calculated a valuation for Calaveras Vineyards using the present value of cash flows. We used the valuation of future cash flows method in order to value to value the company. We have come to the conclusion, based on a number of future projections, that the best valuation of the vineyards is $4,356,000 in assets and $1,104,000 in equity. The process at determining this valuation was as follows: 1.First, using the projected EBIT forecasted income statement; we took out the 37% tax, change in working capital, and CAPEX for 1994-1998 and added back the depreciation and amortization expenses to arrive at free cash flows. We assumed that 1996-1998 would need an extra 100k in CAPEX in order to project the reinvestment necessities for the company. 2. In order to discount those free cash flows, we had to find the discount rate of the company using a weighted average unlevered Beta, and the risk free rate vs. the market risk premium: a.Beta: This was determined by using the three comparable companies and their unlevered betas as a percentage of what product lines they relate to. b. The risk free rate was taken from the standard 30 year T-bonds rate of 5. 85%. c. The risk premium used was the expected return of small companies less the return of long term government bonds, which was 7. 4% historically from 1926 to 1992. All of these values were used to calculate a discount rate of 14. 5% for Calaveras which was used to discount the cash flows. The total discounted cash flows equal $1,585,000 for 1994-1998. 3.Next, the tax shield for Calaveras was calculated by using the interest payments for each year and multiplying each value by the company’s tax rate of 37%. It was assumed that we used the 9. 5% interest rate, per your suggestion, instead of the average interest expense provided in the projected income statement. These future values were then discounted u sing the interest rate. The total PV of tax shield for 1994-1998 valued at $383,000. 4. For the terminal value calculation, we chose to use a range of growth rates. The range that we chose to use for growth rates was 1%, 1. 5%, 2%, and 2. %. We believe that Calaveras will continue to produce a high quality wine upholding a strong brand name and position in the market. Along with this, we believe that the wine industry as a whole will be growing into the future because of a growing economy. These rates represent indefinite growth; therefore, we are positioning your company to be growing slightly above the industry average. The free cash flow that we used to calculate the terminal value was from the year 1997. We did this because we felt that the cash flow in 1998 was not a true representation of future cash flows.In 1998, there was a large drop in current liabilities due to the drop in current loans; this caused the change in working capital to be unusually high. We believe, Calavera s will return to normal levels of working capital. This will be after the new marketing push and establishment of more revolving line of credit for planned future growth in sales. 5. We discounted the terminal values of free cash flows at the same discount rate that we discounted the free cash flows. We then averaged the range of present value terminal values to get an average present terminal value of free cash flows. This value was $1,820,000.We then calculated the terminal values of the interest tax shields by taking the 1998 interest tax shield and using the terminal value equation, with a discount rate of 9. 5% because we discount interest tax shield using the interest rate. This then gave us a range of terminal values of the interest tax shield. The average was $568,000. In conclusion, the PV of FCF (1585k), the PV of TS benefits (383k), PV of TV of CF (1820k), and PV of TV of TS (568k) all total to a current asset value of $4,356,000 for Calaveras Vineyards. Please feel free to let us know if you have any further questions or requests per the Calaveras’ valuation.

Financial Problems

Having the ability to pay monthly bills can be a challenge for some people. There are can be many solutions to this problem. One should evaluate the monthly bills to determine what is necessary. Consolidating credit debt may help. If all else fails try consulting a financial advisor. These steps are just a few steps that one may take in the steps to financial stability. One step that many find easy is evaluation of bills. Evaluating ones monthly bills could help lower that person’s monthly debt. The debtor should begin by writing down all monthly bills. He or she should evaluate what bills are necessary and which ones are not. Once that person has defined the bills by status, he or she needs to compare what each non necessity items can be removed. For example, if you have a cell phone with unlimited minutes do you need a house phone with all the amenities? If a person has internet access at home does he need mobile access for his laptops? Once the person has answered these questions he should then cancel any unnecessary bills. This person may utilize the internet and comparison shop for monthly rates on things deemed necessary. One may also interview neighbors and relatives to compare their similar service bills. This evaluation process should have great potential to a person with high number of bills. This may not help as much with a person who has a large amount of credit bills. A person with a large amount of credit bills may consider debt consolidation. Debt consolidation would consolidate credit card and finance bills into to one monthly payment. This is a loan so one must look for the best rates. Getting quotes from your bank or credit union should be your first start. Get the quotes in writing and remember to read the fine print. Look for late fees, balloon payments, and early payoff penalties. Also one may research the lending institution on BBB to verify lending practices, and maybe complaints. Networking with friends and family can also be a good source of information. One must remember that there is professional help for financial problems. A person who may have a hard time evaluating bills and may not be comfortable talking to banks may benefit from a financial advisor. A financial advisor is a professional who gives advice and financial planning services to an individual. This person may charge a fee or commission for this service. One may begin searching for an advisor through his bank or credit union. For those persons in financial stress this service is sometime offered for free. The financial advisor would evaluate your monthly income and ask you a series of questions. He or she may also set short term and long term goals for you. This will enable you to see progress clearly. This is just a simple outline of how one may concure financial burdens. This is just a simple outline of how one may conquer financial burdens. If a person can evaluate their own problems they have the majority of the problem solved. Being able to evaluate the problem would also allow a person to know the exact amount of money needed for a debt consolidation. Also knowing that you are not sure about all of your finances can inspire you to seek help from a professional that can help you understand. Understanding is the key no matter what strategy you choose. One must understand exactly what their problem is and also that they have reached a limit. Knowing what their limit is another key to financial recovery. Debt evaluation, debt consolidation, or hiring a financial advisor may be a great help to someone in financial despair.

Negro Spirituals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Negro Spirituals - Essay Example In the days of slavery, songs were the only way the negroes could voice how they felt about their lives. Within 30 years of the abolition of the practice, voices were able to be heard concerning the new plights of the negro race. With time came change. For the songs, each seemed to identify a definite area of a slave’s life, be it work, home faith or whatever and how they felt about that area. â€Å"Negro spirituals were the first uniquely American music to come out of this country. European classics, Anglo ballads, hymns, and Irish jigs and reels dominated American music until the slaves created their songs of sorrow and hope to sustain them while the institution of slavery lasted†¦ This music, so rich and varied, so deeply emotional and expressive, is a testament to the strength and tenacity of the African American people who adapted to and enriched all of American culture†¦Slaves used spirituals to affirm their humanity and to give them hope, faith and courage to go on living when life seemed to be nothing but endless physical toil, punishment and deprivation.†" (Negro Spirituals: Songs of Survival by Tom Faigin. www.jsfmusic.com/Uncle_Tom/Tom_Article3.html) One such spiritual is "Pick a Bale of Cotton." At first listen, the tempo creates a positive energy, leading the listener to believe that the person "speaking" is excited to be in the fields, picking the cotton and performing a day's work. A closer examination of the lyrics reveals, however, a completely different perspective. In the chorus, the phrase "Oh lordy" is repeated four times, giving the impression that the task is a chore, a job that must be completed. Some slave owners would hold their workers to a daily quota, so to "Pick a Bale of Cotton" was indeed a chore. The verses of the song basically repeat the same lines, and only the first verse shows any significant difference. The repetition could represent the drudgery of the work, the same routine again and again, with little or no hope for any changes-changes for better or worse. "Gonna jump down, spin around, pick a bale of cotton Gonna jump down, spin around, pick a bale a day Gonna jump down, spin around, pick a bale of cotton Gonna jump down, spin around, pick a bale a day." The chorus repeats the tasks, and the only real difference among the remaining verses is "who" is going to pick the cotton. Buddy, mother, father, etc-all are resigned and regulated to the same task with little hope for change. Slavery was abolished in 1865 and as, the years passed, Booker T. Washington emerged as an African American leader and spokesman. He addressed the new issues being faced by his race and one of his most famous considerations of the changes was when he addressed the attendees of the Cotton States and Exposition in Atlanta, Georgia in 1895. He spoke of tolerance and understanding, and the hope that both races could live in harmony with each contributing to society. He asked the white race be tolerant as the negro's learned to adapt to their newly found freedoms. Washington spoke of how the negroes worked tirelessly for them, without recourse or any expectation of any reward. He said that it was with the help of negro race that the progress of the new south was able to move forward. (History Matters: The U.S. Survey Course on the Web www.historymatters.gmu.edu/d/39) Washington related that his race would find its own way in society, through means of work, education and the spirit of cooperation. He stated, that though many of his race wanted to begin their new lives at the higher levels of society, the reality would be beginning from the bottom and climbing upward based on their own merits. Earning their own way was of the utmost importance. Equality

2000 word research paper on potential career paths Essay

2000 word research paper on potential career paths - Essay Example The network of IT services provided by Bremmar Consulting is not restricted to Western Australia alone but extends across Australia as well as other countries of the world. Bremmar Consulting offers advanced technological services which equip the customers with the right firepower to compete in the cutthroat world of business. Bremmar Consulting is committed to help its customers accomplish their business goals by providing the best IT support and IT management. The firm takes care of every minute detail leaving the customer totally focus on his business. Bremmar Consulting is a small organization with fifteen staff members in its Perth office. The firm hires only the best engineers for its project management who are qualified Microsoft Certified Professional with a working experience of at least five years in the IT industry. The qualified team of engineers is capable of completing the project on time, within the budget allocated and to the satisfaction of the customers. It specializes in consulting, network administration, installation and repair and technical assistance. Although a small firm, Bremmar has a list of satisfied clients. It provides custom-made IT management and IT support to its customers. Bremmar appoints a three member team which efficiently monitors the client’s entire IT environment round the clock. The three members’ team provides phone, remote and on-site IT support. Incase of an emergency, the team appointed is quick to respond as per the response time agreed in the service contract. This close surveillance enables the dedicated Bremmar staff to identify any problem even before it becomes noticeable; the spot-on problem identification ensures flawless and uninterruptible operation of the working environment of the customer. The team also provides detailed report including the causes of trouble, steps taken to resolve the issue and who requested the work. Bremmar Consulting also provides the customers with

Week 2-510 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Week 2-510 - Essay Example needed information, and when they receive the inputs, they should process it and take the correct decision for the proper functioning of the organization. One of the important inputs or aids that will surely help an organization in the decision making process is the research and statistics component. That is, components like descriptive statistics and probability concepts with good hypothesis and research will go a long way in aiding the management to come up with correct decisions. In the case to be analyzed, USA World Bank (UWB) is on the threshold of launching a new product, with the board already initiating the decision making process. And the component that is aiding this decision making process is the statistics work done by the respective department. So, this paper by using the research and statistical concepts will analyze the UWB’s issue or problem, opportunities, stakeholders’ view, end state vision, available solutions and the results. USA World Bank is facing some important issues, which needs quick and appropriate attention. The first issue is USA World Bank’s track record in introducing new products, which cannot be considered successful. Brian Allen, President of New Product Development for USA Word Bank, agrees with this fact, â€Å"Our new products have pretty much tanked in the past couple of years. We’re under a lot of pressure† (Scenario). So, the issue or challenge is to break this trend and introduce a truly workable product. The next issue that is plaguing USA World Bank is the need to select a product to launch using faulty statistical results. That is, a survey was done to find which product out of two, a consumer credit card or a credit card for small business owners will work optimally. Even though, the survey clearly favored the normal consumer credit card, the issue with that result is that a statistics specialist found faults with the statistical analysis particularly the me thod used to collect the data. As the product

How public opinion and the media influence health care policy Essay

How public opinion and the media influence health care policy - Essay Example Any one or all of these processes can prompt or even hinder political action thereby advancing an issue to an elevated level of consideration and has the ability to instigate substitute solutions or hammer it down absolutely. On the contrary, need of community approval and dominant resistance has the ability to keep an issue low on the public's agenda and subsequently on the policy agenda as well. While it is usually the government officials who eventually make a decision about which issues will be acted upon, interest groups, researchers, academics, consultants, the media, political parties and the public does have the dominant capability of influencing and determining the ultimate course of action. An excellent example is Andrea Baker's analysis of AIDS coverage suggests that the media may have encouraged policy-makers to respond to the AIDS crisis by helping to educate them about the potential threat to mainstream constituents. (Andrea J. Baker, The Portrayal of AIDS in the Media: An Analysis of Articles in the New York Times in The Social Dimensions of AIDS: Method and Theory, D.A. Feldman and T.M. Johnson, eds. New York: Praeger, 1986, pp. 163-178.) Public interest groups, now with the amplification of tec... Media attention to a problem influences decision-making since policymakers appreciate the role of mass media in shaping public opinion and they want public opinion to constantly be on their side.We live in a fast-paced world and because sometimes the public's attention span is limited, the media may cover a story prominently but only for a short period of time. The media has to constantly and unwaveringly press on significant issues by keeping them alive and discussed as this has a direct affect on public policy. The media may help to educate policy-makers, who often cite mainstream news media as important sources of information about policy issues, including health care (Carol H. Weiss, What America's Leaders Read. Public Opinion Quarterly, 1974, pp. 1-21) The media only covers an issue when it is interesting and issues related to the general and specific health of the people are gaining more and more importance with each passing day. These are sometimes complex issues that necessitating a great deal of sustained media attention, and education, background information, solid scientific study and impeccable experts on health issues are invaluable to the overall success of the efforts of the press, the public and policymakers. The media acts as a communiqu device within the policy community welcoming people scattered both inside and outside the government dealing with similar problems each day, to communicate in indirect ways. The interaction of government officials may not be on a daily basis, but they along with most of the public read newspapers or receive some form of news via the media. Communicate with the public and policymakers can be thus achieved by effectively

Art Critique (-) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art Critique (-) - Research Paper Example d in pale green and with a colorful African scarf draped around her neck, holds a white cracked ceramic mask in her hands and rests one arm on the table in front of her. On the table are three tarot cards representing lynchings with the Hanged Man card, Civil Rights with the Justice card and perseverance with the Strength card. The strength of the composition rests in the line of sight of the characters which both freeze the eye within the frame and refuse to engage with the viewer personally. Color also contributes to the painting’s effectiveness as the limited color on the tarot cards continuously direct the eye to the center of the image where the colorful dress and scarf of the woman stand in sharp contrast to the white of the man’s T-shirt without blending into the muted tans of the background. These pastel-like shades provide a muted feel to the work which helps to highlight the emotions of the people depicted, both of whom feel it necessary to maintain a hold on the white mask that enables them to move in mainstream society. The symbolism apparent in the piece is clear to those with knowledge or curiosity to examine the cards on the table and to understand the condition of people of color within a majority white society. The chasm in the background communicates a vast hurdle to overcom e before the prediction of justice found in the cards on the table comes to pass. However, the strength depicted in these characters and the cracks in the mask suggest this is not a condition that can last long nor is it one that will break the spirits of these people. By examining a series of artworks created by Valerie Winslow, it becomes clear that the artist has a very strong introspective approach to her work. This is revealed in the very detailed depictions of human anatomy she has created as well as in the brooding attitudes of the characters in her more imaginative paintings. Her inclusion of a number of symbols within her paintings further indicates a strong